Photosynthesis and Energy Transformation
Use a model to illustrate how photosynthesis transforms light energy into stored chemical energy.

Formation of Carbon-Based Molecules
Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for how carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from sugar molecules may combine with other elements to form amino acids and/or other large carbon-based molecules.

Cellular Respiration and Energy Transfer
Use a model to illustrate that cellular respiration is a chemical process whereby the bonds of food molecules and oxygen molecules are broken and the bonds in new compounds are formed resulting in a net transfer of energy.

Aerobic and Anaerobic Cycling of Matter
Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for the cycling of matter and flow of energy in aerobic and anaerobic conditions.